Sunday, April 29, 2012
Friday, April 27, 2012
Renewable sources of energy their prospects in Ukraine
Energy crisis - the expression recently more and more we hear on TV. This is somewhat frightening phrase in its negative consequences may be negligible depending on how this is and what steps to take in order to secure a guaranteed quiet life. Crisis- no one is safe here and the guilty are hard to find. You can criticize the government, and more energy-rich countries that do not want to share them at low prices.
But we must take into account the fact that, in fact, supplies of fuel resources are limited. And with the global consumption as of now, for a long time did not have enough oil or gas. How much does it ... Gas, which is available in the former Soviet Union, the most optimistic forecasts will last for 70 years. Oil in Saudi Arabia will end after 35 years as. These figures should make all thinking. It's not so much. And then what? .
Even if the earth would open virtually inexhaustible source of raw materials, will not be able to avoid ecological disaster. In 100 years the planet will be produced 1% of the energy it receives from the Sun - 1. 5 x 10 24 J year. This line should not pass. Otherwise, begin melting the polar ice caps, catastrophic sea level rise. In this case, the coastal cities and the whole energy of the coastal countries are no longer needed. The so-called thermal pollution of the planet can only be avoided if strict economy in the expenditure of energy and use alternative energy sources.
By alternative energy sources include solar, geothermal, tidal, nuclear, wind and wave energy. Unlike fossil fuels, these forms of energy are not limited to geologically stockpiles. This means that their use and consumption does not lead to the inevitable depletion of reserves. New power conversion circuits can be combined single term ' ecoenergy ', by which means all methods of producing clean energy that do not cause environmental pollution.
The introduction of energy efficient technologies can have three main areas:.
- Reduction of energy consumption through the use of more economical and energy- efficient equipment ( pumps, stoves, industrial and household refrigerators, boilers, electric lamps, etc. n. );.
- Efficient use of energy (reducing heat loss of buildings, cost-effective modes of operation of the equipment, saving energy when they are used by consumers and m. n. );.
- Replacement of energy use to alternative sources.
According to the statistics of solar energy potential is estimated at 3.2 109 MW / year, and ranks third after the geothermal and wind energy potentials which are respectively 7.9 and 9.6 in 1010 109 MW / year. The corresponding technical potential ( according to the experts ) is 6106 MWh / year for solar energy, 2.156 109 MWh / year for 109 geothermal and 3.6 MWh / year for wind energy.
Humanity uses solar energy since time immemorial. It warms our houses directly, in the winter we use for heating and hot water by solar energy accumulated in the form of wood, coal, oil or gas. Today, we live at the expense of fuel accumulated by nature over millions of years. The volume of fossil fuels on Earth is limited. Rational way to implement policy conservation of these resources is the direct use of solar energy to generate heat.
The development of solar thermal power is most advisable to ensure the demand for hot water is fed from the low-temperature heat and power systems. According to Western European countries is an indicator of demand kWh per day per person and it is applicable to the Crimean region. The volume of total solar radiation in the Crimea exceed the consumption of fuel. Energy exposure on the surface of 27,000 km2 of approximately 3.45 h1013 kWh / year, with total consumption of electricity, equal to 2.1 kWh h109 (according to 1997. ).
The disadvantage of this source is seasonal in nature, explaining the meteorological factors, and the average daily rate varies from 1.5 kW ch/m2 in winter, up to 7 kW ch/m2 summer. Crimean region is located in the extreme southern part of Ukraine with the insolation from 2170 to 2400 hours per year, most of which occur in the warmer months, coinciding with the summer season and high demand for hot water for the needs of the resort and recreational complex.
In countries where climatic conditions are similar to the climate of the Crimea, the rate of the specific area of installed solar collectors varies from 0.5 m2/chel. Cyprus (maximum value) to 0.13 m2/chel. in Greece. In Germany, 0.005 m2/chel ( European average for 1997 is 0.009 m2/chel. ).
Significant efforts have been made in other areas of renewable energy. Actually alternative energy sources is now not only available, but also successfully used for the benefit of people. Sweden, for example, by 2020, plans to give up entirely of organic fuels and switch to renewable energy. Iceland - sometime in 2050. Brazil makes extensive use of sugar cane, and after 5 years it is planned to transfer 80% of transportation for ethanol, which is extracted from the cane and. UK uses the energy of the wind and waves, and by 2012 10 % of the energy the country will be from renewable sources of energy because the wind and waves are guaranteed to be enough for much longer than organic sources of energy. The plans for U.S. nuclear power. Spain and Germany are the leaders in Europe on the use of wind energy, its growth each year is 25%. As you can see, Europe, and not only it proved that the use of alternative energy sources is not only necessary but also beneficial. They need to be developed, followed by the future.
But to return to Ukraine. How we do things with alternative energy sources? . A big plus is, and that this began to talk in the news. And talk about this need, because people need something to wean from the gratuitous energy. And do not get away from it. And get used to what to pay for everything, and sometimes much. For example, in the Czech Republic, a family of 4 persons 3- room apartment on the 3- month spending on public services in terms of our money is about UAH 2000. And they pay a lot more than in Ukraine. The average citizen of the Czech Republic receives a ...
Thus, in the world is being promoted renewable energy. It is a promising area of energy development as the price of energy commodities soaring, while renewable energy power plants are becoming more affordable. Given that energy prices in Ukraine will soon reach the world, should now be taken active measures to increase the share of renewable energy sources, especially for sectors such as utilities and transport.
source.
Tuesday, April 24, 2012
Is it necessary to rule
Today in Kyiv held a debate on energy ... The debate was attended by representatives of companies. quasar. and. Rentehno. The following is the text of my opening remarks at the event.
First of all I want to point out the fact that today. solar energy. the world is still the industry regulated by the state rather than the laws and mechanisms of free market. Accordingly, it should be considered in this context. I believe that if the government supports and encourages any industry that without such support would be viable, it has the full right to impose certain restrictions. Especially if these restrictions are aimed at achieving specific goals of positive. For the domestic solar energy for such purposes are or may be:.
- Ensuring energy security in the long term;.
- Attraction of investments into the country or individual regions;.
- The creation of additional jobs and increased demand for highly skilled labor force;.
- Increase in contributions to local and state budget;.
- Impact on the development of related industries such as metallurgy, machinery, instrumentation, information technology;.
- Stimulating the development of science and professional education.
But it is clear that the issue of regulation should always be approached with caution, t. to. if not properly planning and implementation, it can give a negative effect, which will bring ... In the world have been instances where preferences to local companies in the emerging alternative energy markets have led to the ... I think that you can avoid the problems only if the state regulation leaves room for the functioning of free market mechanisms. That is, any applicable restrictions must leave to exist a large number of companies that will be free to compete and offer quality products or services at a reasonable price. In addition, a very important factor is the predictability and transparency of existing measures to promote the industry. It's no secret that the business is very sensitive to rapid changes of the legal field, and these changes are for a high-risk factors.
As for the solar energy market, in the Ukraine now has two important limitations that are directly related to the rules of ... First, to get ... Second, for. solar power. operates one additional condition - the only use solar modules with a given specific parts and raw materials of domestic production. And the question here is not about works or services, but only on the raw materials.
In the case of the first limitation I see in it nothing fundamentally wrong with. In Ukraine, there are already quite a number of companies producing different products, and providing various services that fully satisfy this constraint. Yes, the state imposes certain limits on the industry, but the market is still relatively free. As for the second constraint, then here it is, I think it is absolutely untimely. This limitation has not yet entered into force and is not completely formalized. Currently in Ukraine there are several companies whose products could theoretically satisfy this constraint. And this is kind of like a conventional ...
To summarize, I want to emphasize once again that the fundamental rule of ...
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Monday, April 23, 2012
Minus -plus...
Here again, I was attacked mania. I remember 7 years ago, I even recorded a CD of songs, I sing the, made the cover of the disc, and boldly gave my father in the car so that he listened to them. XD here the other day I listened to the same disk. My ears are withered on the first song, the quality of my wonderful record at home was far from perfect, noise, interference, so MDA. But then 'it' seemed even anything =) In the meantime, learn more Adobe Audition I somehow could not, but apparently not particularly like. but here again the desire to write songs - again, there was! . However, because my knowledge of the program for recording and editing audio, so to speak, is minimal, we have to record the songs are not parts, as is done in the studio, and the whole at once, which is much more complicated. In addition, the likelihood that I like the way I sing - very small, most of the recorded songs are usually just fly to cart cleaned and removed, but then I come to mind are thoughts that, in principle, the first version was kind and nothing to .Saturday, April 21, 2012
Mikroraketa: a bubble -powered
Launch of several microns in length moves, throwing out of the ...
California Group nanotechnologists, led by Professor Joseph Wang (Joseph Wang) has recently presented an amazing microscopic device - the first ever self- moving mikroraketu on jet-powered hydrogen bubbles.
The device requires no power source other than a fairly high acidity of the environment. Maximum speed ... For us it is only about 0.0038 km / h, but for ...
The appearance of it - is a significant step towards a long-awaited nano-robots that can move our bodies (or at least in the stomach with its high acidity ), and ... Especially since the authors constructed a system is able to accurately throw the right place to put it to collect the goods, or other.
Each such ... The inner surface is dotted with its zinc atoms, which provide the movement: in the acidic environment of the zinc gives the audience a number of protons, electrons, and restores them to molecular hydrogen, which forms bubbles escaping from the jet ...
It is clear that the activity of this system is limited to only certain rather narrow range of pH, but this falls into the range of excellent acidity of human gastric. And this time the engine is 10 to 120, depending on the rate of ...
More subtle features ... The outer surface of the cones to cover the authors came up with a ferromagnetic layer, which is acting on the magnetic field can control the direction of movement. And, with great precision: in the course of an impressive demonstration of the scientists, ...
...
Wednesday, April 18, 2012
Tuesday, April 17, 2012
Set-top box for free!
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Monday, April 16, 2012
What books to read during the summer
In one of the April numbers ... Milchin about books that come out in the coming months and are not to be missed.
more ».
BLOG Battle on Tuesday - Troy vs Forest people
In the red corner in the blue shorts with impatience priprygivaet. Forest people. It is terrible and horrible. In the standings with only one interview with the Forest Belarusian girl! .
In the blue corner of the ring in red shorts lazily leaned. Andrew Troy. He gave two dozen interviews and was never defeated them in the. Euuuu!.
Two bloggers have received over 10 questions and not knowing who they asked, and answered them. Now we turn will publish questions and answers rivals. And who deserves more positive comments, he will fight the winner!.
The right of first strike at the Forest Man!. Gong!.
LesnoyCh:. How many hours you do not fill up?.
Troy:. Unlike you, I sleep about 10-12 hours a day. This is one of my iron rule - to sleep as much as I want.
Troy:. There's only you and I, each. And now I smear you on the wall. Question number one - why do you still live with your mom?.
LesnoyCh:. Ubitsya the wall can only be voluntary, and I is not included in the plans. With her mother no longer live with my dad, too, with my grandparents, too. I live with my wife.
LesnoyCh:. How many girls have you thrown?.
Troy:. No one, I usually throw. But now I'm married and not looking like you're in the good old left- arm numbness. By the way, use the ointment, do not say so lonely feeling.
Troy:. You've already worked your worthless day or answer me from work?.
LesnoyCh:. What is work? .
LesnoyCh:. You're looking through tits in LJ Lebedev?.
Troy:. Believe me, I look completely different boobs. And they are much nicer!.
Troy:. I personally can not give you a hundred bucks if you're here, now, just write ... Agree? .
LesnoyCh:. I write ' you lost ' on your $ 100 for a janitor from Lexus.
LesnoyCh:. Why is your blog does not bring as much as you want?.
Troy:. Ahem, it does more than I want. And I would advise you to sell your own blog. Recoup at least Hosting. Ugh, after all you blogspot.
Troy:. You have pressed today acne or still ispolzuesh lotion that gave you grandma?.
LesnoyCh:. Acne - not only picked out kozyulki.
LesnoyCh:. During the night who would you sell your blog?.
Troy:. It is better to ask who is behind the link on my blog is ready to spend the night with me.
Troy:. How old are you? .
LesnoyCh:. 10 110 (: Because they are sewn.
LesnoyCh:. How to make a million bucks?.
Troy:. Do not answer these questions. Or just read one of my recent posts. Aw, you're late again, all before you replied. I'm sorry!.
Troy:. How are you? .
LesnoyCh:. The mood of sleep and working. You put the tiles will not have to?.
LesnoyCh:. Why do those who are always something to criticize and pose as smart, not getting rich?.
Troy:. Perhaps this is the only question that you managed to set the correct. Yes, and then copied it to the bash, most likely. They are not rich, because something critical of you have already answered his own.
Troy:. How do you feel about blacks?.
LesnoyCh:. I have for them does not belong, almost pure-blooded Russian.
LesnoyCh:. Did you ever write a post for free?.
Troy:. I was doing porn.
Troy:. The eighth question - how many satellites to Sapa did you do?.
LesnoyCh:. Oh, how many unfamiliar words (:.
LesnoyCh:. If there is no thought of a new post, what do you do?.
Troy:. do porn.
Troy:. What do you say the phrase ...
LesnoyCh:. The fact that you put at the beginning of extra space. And I do not like tomatoes, but to eat - and I love to drink the juice from them.
LesnoyCh:. Tell us about your first ad in someone else's blog comments.
Troy:. Oh, it was not like you. Well, that is not for the $ 0.1. I'm just a doorway prospamil. And you this link has not yet been removed. I'll go back to the Druganov ICQ skin, laugh:).
Troy:. And the last question to you crying like a little girl in the sandbox. When finally you stop writing nonsense no use to anyone in the blog and you want to do business?.
LesnoyCh:. Yeah, I'll go I'll go to the toilet - a matter of 'll.
Break!.
Hall, as those who leaked? . Who is he, our winner?.
Who yearns to enroll in the new blogger Buttle, send to the. masterxbablorub @ ya. ru. letter, which should be 10 questions, a link to the blog, the theme of the letter 'Blogger Battle'. And get ready for a day (Monday ) to answer the 10 questions chosen opponent. Just say it took away the next contestants on the original questions, but there is a chance for all.
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Sign up. to update the blog with one click!. Read on Twitter!. ::. Advertising blog.
Sunday, April 15, 2012
Philadelphia returns to the project free municipal Wi-Fi network
The American city of Philadelphia revived the project for the deployment of free municipal Wi-Fi network. The project, launched by EarthLink in 2005, ' stalled ' after it became clear that the placement of access points, street lighting poles, does not provide enough for comfortable surfing the global network, signal strength. In addition, it appears that the population of 1.4 million. man, Wi-Fi- only access an interest in 6000, which apparently killed the interest and EarthLink has finally ( the business model supporting a network built on display advertising ), writes eWeek.
However, the network already covers 80% of urban areas. Therefore, the new company Network Acquisition Company LLC, an organized group of local investors decided to buy the infrastructure for EarthLink, and yet begun to bring the matter to an end. As the main source of support networks need to address corporate customers, which will now have to convince them that connect to the citywide Wi-Fi network is vital as each company and the city.
If this issue will be resolved in sufficient amounts, the entire city, an area of about 135 square miles, will eventually free Wi-Fi- access. To support signal indoors, get special offers to consumers repeaters, worth about 200 dollars. That will amplify the signal coming from the street hot-spots.
Neither the cost of resuming the project, no timeline for its completion have not been disclosed.
Source:. Nag. ru.
Ubuntu 10.04.1 LTS - Media Center
Due to numerous user requests to present the assembly distribution based on Ubuntu 10. 04 with Gnome environment.
Represents one of the options for the installation disk for deployment on a PC with 512MB of RAM settings and CPU over 1GHz.
In compiling this assembly was taken into account the following:.
a. The image size - 700MB (CD- format);.
2. Ability to Play multimedia content in various formats immediately after installation;.
3. Maximum compatibility with the distribution Ubuntu;.
4. Selection and optimization of a minimum of software to get started with the system.
It should be understood that these assemblies are not subject to the classification of alpha- beta release, and m. n. , As are essentially feature complete and ready for installation. Further options can be customized in terms of changing the composition of software and styles, as well as the elimination of defects found.
Size: 694. 53 MB.
md5: f23627596b6a084412af349435047384.
Friday, April 6, 2012
Euro buried under the Christmas tree
The debt crisis in Europe continues to grow, pushing the euro to the abyss. The fact that in the near future, the single currency area will lose one or two, and even a few members, has almost no one doubts. And more and more experts are inclined to release the complete collapse of the euro area, if the authorities of the EU will not be able to cement its urgent - and yet effective - measures. While all efforts were in vain European politicians, and some brave souls have already referred to the collapse of the euro for specific dates. However, there are those who believe that this can also be a political move to intimidate the peripheral eurozone countries and force them to hand over all financial matters under the control of the leading states of the Commonwealth.
Recently, a well-known French economist and former head of the EBRD's Jacques Attali in an interview with a Belgian radio station said that the euro may not survive Christmas. Or at least meet him in the process of destruction, if the EU level are not taken adequate emergency and crisis response, warned an expert.
According to Attali, such measures should be at least three. First, you must allow the ECB to buy government bonds troubled eurozone countries. Second, we need to deprive outsiders of their fiscal sovereignty by introducing a supranational control over budget. Finally, it should make changes to EU legislation. ... You can build the first five minutes, the second week, the third - after six months. But to begin to build all three must be simultaneously. Otherwise, we're going to crash, ...
The main growth driver was the pessimism Italy. So far the main source of headaches European politicians remained in Greece, most analysts predicted a relatively mild case scenario - an exception to the default and the euro zone single country, with unconditional financial and image losses, but without the death for the euro area as a whole. However, the loss of one of the largest economies in the region promises a single currency to a hard landing. Debt collapse of Italy will inevitably mean the end of the euro - that was the verdict of German Chancellor Angela Merkel and French President Nicolas Sarkozy after a meeting with new Prime Minister of Italy, Mario Monti at the weekend.
All three were quick to assure you that will make every effort to prevent such a disaster. Investors, apparently, did not believe. On Monday, the yield on government bonds rose to the Italian 7.3%, exceeding the critical level of 7%. At the same time revenues from the country's Ministry of Finance sold debt securities amounted to € 567 million, while the agency had hoped to get for their € 750 million at the upper range.